An exchange barrel is the barrel that can be exchanged with the existing barrel of a firearm.

Legally, a distinction is made between exchange barrels and interchangeable barrels: an exchange barrel can be exchanged by the hunter or shooter himself, while a gunsmith is required to use an interchangeable barrel.

In addition to the barrel, an interchangeable barrel system also includes the appropriate breech, trigger unit and, if necessary, magazine.

An interchangeable barrel is an essential part of a firearm and receives the same legal treatment as a firearm. Acquisition and possession are free to the holder of a firearm ownership card if he already owns a firearm of the same or smaller caliber.