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The most important handgun calibers are:
- .22 lfb
- 7.65 mm Browning
- .380 ACP (also: 9mm short)
- 9 mm Luger
- .40 S&W
- .44 Magnum
- .45
- 10 mm Auto
For hunters, handguns are of great importance, especially for the finishing shot and trap hunting. In recent years, handguns have gained significance particularly as finishing shot weapons. The reasons for this lie mainly in the other methods: intercepting with a blank weapon is difficult and associated with tension. Especially with large game, there can also be an increased danger potential. Intercepting with a long gun in dense underbrush is difficult, as it is long and bulky, and the mounted optics only allow precise shots at greater distances.
The German Weapons Act generally allows hunters to possess two handguns, one small-caliber handgun for trap hunting and one large-caliber handgun for the finishing shot. According to § 19 of the Federal Hunting Act, the ammunition used for the finishing shot must have a muzzle energy of at least 200 Joules. Based on ballistic data, certain calibers allow for meeting this requirement. According to manufacturer specifications, the weakest finishing shot cartridge is usually the 7.65 mm Browning, which typically achieves just over 200 Joules. However, it should be noted that this energy is determined at a standardized barrel length of 150 mm. Most handguns have a significantly shorter barrel, so the manufacturer's specified muzzle energy is not achieved. Therefore, the use of the 7.65 mm Browning caliber is discouraged, and the lower limit should rather be at 9 mm Luger or .38 Special. For stronger and more resilient game, it is recommended to use stronger revolver calibers such as .357 Magnum, .41 Magnum, and .44 Magnum. The simple rule applies here: the larger the caliber, the faster the shot game dies. Additionally, a weapon with a longer barrel has more muzzle energy, as the projectile travels a longer distance in the barrel while the propellant burns. Thus, the length of the barrel corresponds to the acceleration path. However, a long barrel also makes the weapon heavier, and a large caliber requires the hunter to carry another heavy object through the terrain. However, the high weight also has its advantages, as the recoil of the weapon is proportionally lower.
In addition to the choice of caliber, hunters face the decision between revolvers and pistols. Revolvers are considered more robust, easier to use, and safer, as they cannot accidentally discharge without a cocked hammer. In recent years, however, the safety mechanisms of pistols, even in the area of service weapons, have become significantly safer and more reliable. There are models that meet the desired requirements for lightness, reliability, safety, and sufficient caliber, such as the pistols from the Austrian manufacturer GLOCK. GLOCK has gained a high degree of popularity not only among military units and sport shooters but also among hunters.
The choice between revolvers and pistols depends on the individual preferences and requirements of the hunter. Revolvers offer a traditional aesthetic and a sense of solidity. They are known for their reliability and their ability to use various types of ammunition. The simple operation of a revolver without external safeties and the fact that it cannot accidentally discharge due to the release of a firing pin are further advantages that many hunters appreciate.
Pistols, on the other hand, often offer a larger magazine capacity, faster rate of fire, and easier handling. Modern pistol models feature improved safety mechanisms such as grip safeties, trigger safeties, and firing pin safeties to minimize the likelihood of accidental discharge. They also offer the possibility to attach accessories such as tactical lighting or sight optics to improve shooting accuracy and effectiveness.
When selecting a handgun for hunting, it is important to consider personal preferences, experience, and the type of hunting. Hunters should carefully select their weapons, improve their shooting skills, and engage in regular training to ensure safe and effective use.
In conclusion, it can be said that handguns play an important role for hunters in the finishing shot and trap hunting. The choice of the right caliber and weapon depends on various factors, including the type of game, the hunting situation, personal preferences, and the desired performance. With a well-chosen handgun and appropriate training, hunters can enhance their hunting experience while ensuring the necessary precision and stopping power for a successful hunt.
