There are basically three different modes of operation for airsoft/softair weapons:
- Spring pressure
- Electric
- Gas pressure
Which of these is best is difficult to say - all have their advantages and disadvantages - and their own fan communities.
Airsoft weapons with spring pressure
Airsoft guns like those that work with spring pressure are also called spring airsoft guns. "Spring" is the English term for "coil spring". The shooter must cock the gun himself by hand. the. When the spring is released by pulling the trigger, it drives a piston that compresses air. The air pressure propels the BB bullet through the barrel and out of the gun into the target. Spring-loaded weapons must be re-cocked after each shot itself, which is a costly loading method. Semi-automatic airsoft guns cannot operate on this principle either. This method is the most unpopular among passionate airsoft players and is also hardly used on the field. Exception: Airsoft sniper rifles which are constructed according to the original principle of a bolt action rifle.
With this softair weapon, the user cocks the coil spring by hand. The air pressure that is created when the trigger is pulled and correspondingly when the spring is released, transports the bullet out of the gun. After firing, the spring must be cocked again by hand. Due to the relatively complex manual loading method, there are no semi-automatic or fully automatic softair weapons that work exclusively with spring pressure.
Electric softair weapons - function and structure
How does an AEP Aoftair gun work?
In the electric version, a small motor is built into the softair gun, which in turn is powered by a battery or accumulator. The electric softair gun is also usually equipped with a spring. The process of firing can be divided into two phases:
Phase: the motor cocks the coil spring when the trigger is pulled.
Phase: The spring is released again and presses a reciprocating piston forward as soon as the trigger is fully pulled. The resulting compressed air shoots the ammunition out of the gun.
Three forms of the electric softair gun exist:
Weapon Variant How it works
Automatic Electronic Gun (AEG) In a fully automatic softair gun, the firing process repeats as long as the user holds the trigger down. In this way, shooters can shoot several bullets per second. In the meantime, there are even fully automatic softair weapon versions of numerous well-known assault rifles. However, buyers should note that softair weapons that exceed an energy value of 0.5 joules are not allowed to fire fully automatic.
Semi-Automatic Electric Gun (SAEG) As the name suggests, this is merely a semi-automatic version of the electronic softair weapon. Here, only one bullet is fired per trigger pull.
Electric Blow Back (EBB) Additional components and springs simulate a blow back, which copies the function of a real gun. The blow back is nowhere near as powerful as that of a real gun.
Gas and carbon dioxide powered softair weapons
Gas softair weapons mostly use the pressure of propellant gas to shoot the ammunition out of the weapon. The following types of gas are commonly used:
Propane gas, also called Green Gas in the context of softair weapons.
Red Gas, which generates even more pressure than Green Gas
Carbon dioxide
high air pressure
Co2 capsules
To ensure the gas supply, these softair weapons have a gas magazine, which must be refilled as needed by an external gas bottle or a Co2 capsule must be inserted. A special form is the so-called Gas Blow Back (GBB) softair weapon. Here, the slide movement of a real gun is imitated. In this way, a recoil and thus even more realism is generated. In addition, a new BB is reloaded after each shot. As with the electrically operated softair weapons, there are also semi-automatic and fully automatic variants of the gas models, but also legal limitations, through which there are only models with single shot in Germany.
Which softair weapon you choose depends mainly on your personal preferences. The best way to get a feel for how softair weapons work is to test them in person at a softair hall.